In a world brimming with opinions, overconfidence can often masquerade as expertise. One of the most intriguing and frequently misunderstood psychological phenomena that explains this behavior is the Dunning-Kruger effect . This cognitive bias, named after psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger, reveals how people with low ability at a task tend to overestimate their own competence , while those with high ability may underestimate their relative skill . Understanding this effect is essential not just in psychology, but in education, leadership, and everyday communication. 🎯 What Is the Dunning-Kruger Effect? The Dunning-Kruger effect is a form of cognitive bias wherein individuals with limited knowledge or skill in a specific area fail to recognize their own incompetence . Simultaneously, their lack of self-awareness prevents them from accurately evaluating the abilities of others. As a result, they often express a false sense of superiority , believing they are more capab...